Infertility is a growing problem in modern society. It is affecting a significant percentage of couples who are trying to conceive. While infertility is often viewed as a rare and isolated issue, it is actually more common than most people realise. In this article, you will explore the reasons behind the increasing prevalence of infertility and the various factors that contribute to this issue.
Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after trying for one year or longer. According to the World Health Organization, infertility affects approximately 15% of couples globally, and this figure is expected to rise in the coming years. The causes of infertility can vary widely, and they include both male and female factors.
One of the main reasons why infertility is becoming more common is the increasing age of couples who are trying to conceive. Women are born with a finite number of eggs, and as they age, the quality and quantity of these eggs decline. In addition, the risk of developing certain medical conditions, such as endometriosis and uterine fibroids, increases with age. Similarly, men experience a decline in fertility as they age, with a decrease in both the quantity and quality of sperm.
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Another factor contributing to the rise in infertility is the prevalence of lifestyle factors that can affect fertility. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and drug use can all have a negative impact on fertility. In addition, poor diet and lack of exercise can lead to obesity and other health issues that can affect fertility. Environmental factors, such as exposure to toxins and pollutants, can also impact fertility.
Medical conditions, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid disorders, can also contribute to infertility. PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects women and can result in irregular periods and the development of ovarian cysts. Thyroid disorders, which affect the production of thyroid hormones, can also impact fertility by affecting ovulation.
Infertility can also be caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Infections like chlamydia and gonorrhoea can result in scarring and harm to the reproductive system, making it challenging or even impossible to conceive.
Infertility can also be caused by structural issues in the reproductive system. For example, blocked fallopian tubes can prevent the sperm from reaching the egg, while fibroids or polyps can interfere with implantation. In men, structural issues such as varicoceles, which are enlarged veins in the scrotum, can affect sperm production and motility.
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Finally, infertility can be caused by a combination of factors, such as a hormonal imbalance and a structural issue. Managing infertility in such cases may entail addressing several concerns. Although infertility can be a difficult and emotionally taxing experience for couples, there are several options for treatment. The appropriate approach will depend on the underlying cause of infertility and could involve medication, surgery, or assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF).
In some cases, lifestyle changes can also improve fertility. For example, quitting smoking, reducing alcohol consumption, and maintaining a healthy weight can all have a positive impact on fertility.
It is also important for couples who are trying to conceive to be aware of their fertility window. Women are most fertile during the ovulation period, which typically occurs around day 14 of a 28-day menstrual cycle. However, this can vary depending on the individual, and tracking ovulation can help couples time intercourse for maximum effectiveness.
Couples who are struggling with infertility may also benefit from seeking support from a healthcare professional or counsellor. Infertility can be a difficult issue to deal with, and support can be helpful in managing the emotional and psychological impact of the condition.
Final words
Infertility is a growing issue that affects a significant number of couples worldwide. While infertility can be caused by a range of factors, including age, lifestyle factors, medical conditions, and structural issues, it is important for couples to be aware of the treatments and support available. Early diagnosis and intervention can increase the chances of successful conception, and lifestyle changes can also improve fertility. Couples who are struggling with infertility should seek support from healthcare professionals and counsellors.
